What does a standard homeowners insurance policy (HO-3) typically NOT cover?

A standard HO-3 homeowners policy covers the dwelling structure, detached structures (like a garage), personal property, and personal liability against named perils. However, flood damage is specifically excluded from all standard homeowners policies and requires a separate flood insurance policy, most commonly through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Earthquake damage is also excluded and requires a separate endorsement or standalone policy. In high-risk areas, lenders may require buyers to purchase both flood and earthquake coverage as a condition of the mortgage.